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Amonium Chloride (Bainbridge, GA)

Amonium Chloride (Bainbridge, GA)

$1,193.28 USD
$1,164.99 USD $1,193.28 USD
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Description:

Ammonium chloride (referred to as "chloramine", also known as halogen sand, chemical formula: NH4Cl) is colorless cubic crystal or white crystalline powder. It tastes salty and slightly bitter and belongs to acid salt. Its relative density is 1.527. It is soluble in water, ethanol and liquid ammonia but insoluble in acetone and ether. The aqueous solution is weakly acidic, and its acidity is enhanced while heating. When heated to 100 ° C, it begins to significantly volatilize, and when heated to 337.8  ° C, it will dissociate into ammonia and hydrogen chloride, which, on cold exposure, will re-combine to produce small particles of ammonium chloride and white smoke that is not easy to sink and very difficult to be dissolved in water. When heated to 350 ° C ,it will sublimate and when 520 ° C, it will boil. Its moisture absorption is small, and in the wet rainy weather can absorb moisture to cake. For the ferrous metals and other metals, it is corrosive, which, in particular, has greater corrosion of copper but no corrosion of pig iron. Ammonium chloride can be obtained from the neutralization reaction of ammonia and hydrogen chloride or ammonia and hydrochloric acid (reaction equation: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl). When heated, it will decompose into hydrogen chloride and ammonia reaction (equation: NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl) and the reaction is only to the right if the container is open system.

Nitrogen Fertilizer

Ammonium chloride is a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer made by the direct reaction of ammonia and hydrochloric acid, in which the nitrogen content is 24~25%. It can dissociate into chloride ions and ammonium ions in the soil, and the former can combine with the hydrogen ions in the soil to form hydrochloric acid and the later can be absorbed by crops. The long-term use of ammonium chloride should add lime to the soil.
The application methods of ammonium chloride as basal and top dressing is basically the same with ammonium sulfate, while the application amount is generally less 1/5 than ammonium sulfate. However, ammonium chloride is generally not used for seed and seedling fertilizer, in particular, should not be used for seed dressing or other application methods which need directly contact with seed. We had better not use ammonium chloride as fertilizers for tobacco, potatoes, grapes, citrus, tea trees and other "avoid chlorine crops"; if not, we can limit its use only in the region which is rich in rain or convenient for irrigation and where soil moisture is suitable for crops during the growth period and chloride ions are easy to move and loss. In addition, we should also apply basal fertilizer early and control the application strictly. Similarly, it is generally not appropriate to use ammonium chloride in the dry land absent of irrigation conditions, saline and alkaline areas poor in drainage and arid areas lacking rain.
According to the studies of Japanese salt amine Association, the fertilizer efficiency of ammonium chloride is better than ammonium sulfate in paddy fields. The main reasons are:
1. the use of ammonium chloride will not poison seedlings like ammonium sulfate that will produce poisonous gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ;
2. the existence of Cl-can not only inhibit the nitrification of NH4+, but also stimulate the proliferation of algae in rice fields. Part of the NH4+ are absorbed by algae to temporarily transform into slow nitrogen, which will reduce the nitrogen loss and prolong the fertilizer efficiency of Ammonium chloride fertilizer;
3. chloride ions can promote photosynthesis and is conducive to forming fiber and increasing its toughness and tension. It can also control the concentration of soluble nitrogen compounds in rice plants and promote the formation of chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9) that is the “resistance substances” of rice blast,  thereby reducing rice lodging and pest invasion. The use of ammonium chloride for cotton and other fiber crops have significant effects of increasing yield and fiber quality. The degree of acidification of ammonium chloride to soil is greater than that of ammonium sulfate. The reason is that ammonium chloride produce ammonium chloride after the selective absorption of NH4+ by crops while ammonium sulfate produce calcium sulfate. Because the solubility of the former is larger than the latter, so the calcium ion loss of the former is more than that of the latter, resulting that ammonium chloride is more easy for soil acidification and compaction. So the ammonium chloride for acid soil should be equipped with lime or other alkaline fertilizer, but should not be used for mixed application.

Water Solubility

0°C:29.4g 10°C:33.3g 20°C:37.2g 30°C:41.4g 40°C:45.8g 50°C:50.4g 60°C:55.2g 70°C:60.2g  80°C:65.6g  90°C:71.3g  100°C:77.3g

Decomposition temperature

The Decomposition temperature of ammonium chloride is 337.8 °C. In this temperature, it dissociates into ammonia and hydrogen chloride and then , on cold exposure, re-synthesize small particles of ammonium chloride and white fog that is not easy to sink and very difficult to dissolve in water. The visible gas will change back to ammonium chloride.

Uses

Ammonium chloride is mainly used for dry batteries, storage batteries, ammonium salts, tanning, plating, medicine, photography, electrodes, adhesives, etc. Ammonium chloride is also an available nitrogen chemical fertilizer whose nitrogen content is 24% to 25%. It is a physiological acidic fertilizer and suitable for wheat, rice, corn, rapeseed and other crops. It have the effects of enhancing fiber toughness and tension and improving quality especially for cotton and linen crops. However, due to the nature of ammonium chloride, if the application is not right, it will bring some adverse effects to soil and crops. 
Technical conditions: the implementation of the People's Republic of China national standard GB-2946-82.
1. Appearance: white crystal
2. ammonium chloride content (dry basis) ≥ 99.3%
3. moisture content ≤1.0%
4. sodium chloride content (dry basis) ≤0.2%
5. iron content ≤0.001%
6. heavy metal content (in terms of Pb) ≤0.0005%
7. water insoluble content ≤0.02%
8. sulfate content (in terms of SO42-) ≤0.02%
9. pH: 4.2-5.8

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